Array- A Single File Line

Throughput

The maximum rate at which something can be produced or processed. Simply put, throughput is the amount of information a system can process in a given amount of time. Throughput can be affected by the physical medium, processing power, and end-user behavior. Some throughput definitions include network and system throughput.

The network throughput is the rate of successful message delivery over a communication channel. The system throughput is sum of the data rates that are delivered to all terminals.

Latency

Time delay between the cause and effect of some physical change. Latency can never be faster than the speed of light, because of physics.

Router

A networking devices which forwards packets (bundles of information) between computer networks. In other words, they tell a computer how to get to a website.

IP Address

An unqiue identifier assigned to each internet connected device.

URL

Uniform resource locator, or more commonly known as a web address. This is the way humans look for websites, whereas computers look for websites and other internet resources via IP addresses.

DNS

Naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the internet. It delegates the responsibility of assigning domain names, and mapping those names to servers. It is written in ASCII, which is troublesome for internationalized domain names. This problem was solved by IDNA, for more on that go here:

DNS Wikipedia

Daemon

Daemon is a computer program that runs as a background process, and to distinguish themselves they end in d, usually. This term comes from Maxwell’s Demon (The one which breaks the second law of thermodynamics). It comes from the Greek, and therefore has no morality, unlike Christian Demons.